காட்டு
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
Hello, everyone.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
Welcome back to American Textbook Reading.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
I'm Brian Stewart.
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
Well,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
we're continuing along in our book.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
We're on Lesson 8 right now.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
We're talking about changes in family life.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
In this unit,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
you will discover changes in family life,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
same as the title.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
But what exactly does that mean?
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
If we take a look at the pictures to warm up for this unit,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
we can see two different pictures.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
We can see a picture from a long time ago in the past.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
Women were working very hard in the home.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
Then we see a modern picture of a young woman,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
and she's not working in the home.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
She's working in office.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
We can see many differences between these two pictures in
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
terms of type of work,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
where people were working,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
what kind of clothes they were wearing,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
and the differences between the past and the present.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
And that's what we're talking about.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
When we talk about changes in family life,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
we're talking about how has things changed?
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
How have things changed from the past to the present?
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
Let's take a look at some words that we're going to talk about.
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
First of all,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
we say family life,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
right? What is life?
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
Of course,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
life is the way a person lives.
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
Of course,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
this is a little bit of a different picture,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
you know, from a baby to a very old person.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
This is the life of a person.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
But life also means how or the way a
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
person lives.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
And when we talk about how a person lives or the way in which
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
a person lives,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
we can also use another word very similar that's called lifestyle.
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
So,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
what is your lifestyle?
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
What were the lifestyles of people a long time
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
ago like?
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
What are the lifestyles of modern people?
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
So,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
yeah, sure, we can talk about life of different people,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
but especially when we talk about how people live,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
we're really talking about lifestyle.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
What is their lifestyle?
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
Okay.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
Another word we can talk about is dress.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
We saw that a little bit in the picture at the first slide of
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
this lesson,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
right? At the first beginning of this lesson,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
we saw that the women were wearing different types of clothing.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
A dress,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
of course, is a type of clothing for women and girls.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
Men do not wear dresses.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
I hope men do not wear dresses.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
If you see a man...
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
Or a boy wearing a dress,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
that's very strange.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
Maybe that's Halloween or it's a costume.
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
But anyway,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
dress is typically for women and girls.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
Traditionally,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
that was the only clothing that women wore,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
were dresses.
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
However,
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nowadays,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
women don't always have to wear dresses,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
but they do if they want to.
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
Okay,
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let's move on to our next one.
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Shelter.
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Shelter is a place to live or stay.
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There are many types.
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shelters right there are many types of shelters what type of shelter do
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you live in you probably live in an apartment an apartment
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
That's a very common type of shelter in Korea,
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
right?
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
An apartment.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
What are some other types of shelter?
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
Well, this looks like a house.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
It's a large house,
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
right?
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
But you can just say house.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
You could live in a large house or you can live in a small house.
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
An apartment,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
a house,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
those are typical types of shelters.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
But shelter can be really any building.
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that somebody lives in or any structure.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
A long time ago,
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American Indians lived in teepees.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
They were like tents.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
A tent is a type of structure or shelter.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
So basically,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
any place that you can go inside,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
you can stay,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
and that protects you from the outside environment
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like rain,
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snow, cold,
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
or even heat,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
these things protect you.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
It's a place to stay.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
They are called shelters.
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
Okay.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
Before I talked about dress,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
now we're talking about clothing.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
Again, dress is a type of clothing.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
Clothing is just coverings that people wear.
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
And of course,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
there's many types.
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
of clothing,
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
right?
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
I'm wearing a shirt,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
that's one type of clothing.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
You could wear a jacket,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
that's another type of clothing.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
Even the shoes on your feet,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
we consider that as clothing as well.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
These are things that we put over our bodies or on our bodies to
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
cover us,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
and they protect us from nature also.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
We don't call the clothes shelter,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
even though they do the same thing,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
right? Clothes protect us from the environment.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
Shelter protects us from the environment,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
but they're different types of things.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
Clothings are coverings that we wear,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
that we put on our body.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
We wear these things during the...
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
day we put on clothes put on clothes
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
we put on clothes in the morning
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
and we wear clothes during the day
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
okay so in the morning you put on clothes
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
during the day you wear your clothes and then at night before
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
you get to bed you take off
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
your clothes okay so basically three types
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
of verbs we use with clothes put on wear take off
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
put on clothes in the morning or when you try clothes on in the store you put
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
it on you wear clothes during the day for the whole day at
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
night you take off your clothes get ready for bed okay so
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
clothing another word that we're talking about
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
in this unit is crop
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
What is a crop?
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
A crop is a plant that people grow as food.
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Not just any plant.
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
We go out into nature and we look at plants.
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
Not all the plants we find are crops.
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
Only the plants that people grow as
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food.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
For example,
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
what are some types of crops that we grow as food?
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
A very common type of crop in Korea,
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of course, is rice.
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Rice is a very,
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very, very common type of crop all over the world.
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Wheat is another one.
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Wheat is a crop.
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These are types of plants that we grow for food.
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
So any type of plant that a farmer will grow,
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those are called crops.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
And we eat them.
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We eat them in large numbers.
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Of course,
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
where do we grow these foods?
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
We grow them on a farm.
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
A farm is a piece of land where people grow crops
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
or animals.
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
We don't really see any crops in this picture.
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
This is a farm,
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
but what we do see are animals.
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
So farm is used to grow plants as
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food and also animals as food.
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food. So basically we get our food from two sources,
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
right? We get our food from plants,
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
we eat plants for food,
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we also eat animals for food.
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
Where do we get those things?
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
from a farm,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
okay?
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
So it's a piece of land or an area where a farmer,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
right,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
a farmer owns a farm,
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
they grow crops,
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
they also grow animals,
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
and they send those products to our stores,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
we buy them,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
and we can eat something.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
So farms,
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
of course, are very important to us.
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Okay, when it's time for the farmer to go out and gather the
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
plants for food,
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
right? The plants have to grow,
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
right?
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
They have to reach a certain stage before we can eat them.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
We can't eat the young plants.
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
We have to wait till the plants grow fully.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
And then we can eat the plants.
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
At that time,
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what is that time?
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It's usually in the fall.
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And the farmers will go out and they will harvest.
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They will harvest the crops.
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Harvest means that they will gather.
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Gather together means to get together.
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You gather together all the things.
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
You gather the gathering of the crops.
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So the farmer goes out and they will gather all those crops.
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They will gather all the rice together.
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They will gather all the wheat together.
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Or the corn or the cucumbers or the tomatoes.
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All of these types of plants,
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
when they gather them in,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
that's called the harvest.
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It's very common you say,
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it's harvest time.
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It's harvest time.
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And again,
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that normally happens in the fall,
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right?
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
In the fall,
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it's harvest time.
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
The farmer will go out and gather the crops.
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And then we have a lot of food,
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S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
okay?
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
Okay,
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corn is a type of crop,
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right? We talked about rice,
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
we talked about wheat,
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but corn is also a very common type of crop.
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Corn,
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of course, you recognize corn,
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right? Corn is a kind of plant with yellow seeds.
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Yellow seeds,
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and these seeds are big,
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right?
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They're very delicious,
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too, which is used for food.
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So I'm sure you like corn.
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Of course we all like popcorn.
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We can use corn to make popcorn too.
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But the yellow seeds we will eat as food.
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Let's take a look at a video.
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This is a farmer in his field.
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And he is walking through his land on
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his farm and he is growing corn.
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You see the corn plants are very high.
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They're taller than he is.
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And he's holding an ear of corn in his hand.
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An ear.
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That's how we say,
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you know,
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one part of the plant that we take off the whole
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plant, we call it an ear of corn.
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Now one corn stalk will have many ears of corn.
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Not really ears,
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right? But we just call it that.
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So he will go through and he's checking on his crops and he's looking to
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see what the progress is.
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Maybe he broke one off to see if it's ready to eat or not.
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S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
It looks like it's harvest time soon because these plants have grown
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so high.
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He will probably harvest his corn very quickly or
10:13
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
soon.
10:14
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
Wheat again is another type of crop.
10:17
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
We've talked about rice,
10:18
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
wheat, and corn.
10:19
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
Here we have wheat again.
10:20
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
Wheat is a kind of plant with grains that flour
10:24
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
is made from.
10:25
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
So these grains,
10:27
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
we take these grains and we push them together.
10:30
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
We grind them together.
10:32
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
We grind wheat.
10:35
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
Grind is when you push with a lot of force and you make
10:39
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
something crumble into smaller,
10:41
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
very small pieces,
10:43
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
and that of course is flour.
10:45
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
White flour,
10:46
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
which you use to make bread,
10:48
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
cookies,
10:49
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
cake, all these different types of things,
10:51
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
that is made by wheat,
10:54
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
those different types of food.
10:55
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
So flour is made from wheat.
10:58
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
Wheat is a very important crop for humans.
11:01
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
Okay.
11:03
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
So we're talking about,
11:05
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
you know, it seems like we're talking about farming too much,
11:08
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
but our main focus,
11:10
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
of course, is how people's lives have changed,
11:13
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
right?
11:14
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
How has life changed from the past to the present?
11:17
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
And this is what we're looking at here on this chart.
11:19
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
So what has changed in family life?
11:21
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
We can look at the past,
11:23
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
we can look at the present.
11:24
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
These are the two different time periods we're looking at,
11:27
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
and we're looking at these categories.
11:29
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
How has clothing changed in the past and
11:33
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
to the present?
11:34
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
How has shelter changed from the past to the present?
11:38
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
How has food changed from the past to the present?
11:43
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
How have these things changed?
11:45
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
Let's take a look.
11:46
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
In the past,
11:48
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
clothing.
11:49
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
Women wore dresses.
11:50
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
Dresses were very common.
11:52
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
It was basically the only type of clothing that most women wore.
11:56
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
Dresses.
11:57
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
If women wore something other than
12:01
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
a dress, it would be very strange.
12:02
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
If she wore men's clothes,
12:05
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
that wasn't accepted.
12:06
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
Women were only expected to wear dresses.
12:09
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
However,
12:10
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
nowadays,
12:11
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
Women, girls,
12:12
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
can wear t -shirts and jeans.
12:14
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
In fact, everybody seems to wear t -shirts and jeans now,
12:18
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
right?
12:19
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
That's a very common type of clothing.
12:21
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
So,
12:22
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
you know, clothing didn't just change for women,
12:24
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
it also changed for men.
12:25
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
Men went from,
12:26
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
you know, very formal suits or very different types of clothing
12:31
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
to very casual t -shirt and jeans that are very common
12:35
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
these days.
12:36
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
So that's how clothing has changed.
12:38
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
What about shelter?
12:40
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
A long time ago,
12:41
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
most people lived in farmhouses,
12:43
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
right? They lived on farms because you had to be close to the food that you were growing.
12:47
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
So most people lived on farms.
12:49
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
They lived in farmhouses.
12:51
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
Nowadays,
12:52
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
many people,
12:53
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
most people live in city houses or apartments.
12:56
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
We talked about that before.
12:57
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
But this looks like suburb,
12:59
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
right?
13:00
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
This could be a suburb.
13:02
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
And there are many houses in the suburbs.
13:05
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
Suburbs are just right outside the city,
13:07
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
right?
13:08
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
So you say city house,
13:09
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
but right outside the city you have many suburbs.
13:12
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
And there's housing divisions out there.
13:16
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
So a long time ago people lived in farmhouses because they had to be next to the
13:20
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
food they were growing.
13:21
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
But nowadays we have refrigeration,
13:23
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
we have trucks,
13:24
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
we have trains,
13:24
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
we can transport food a long distance.
13:27
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
So we don't have to live on farms anymore.
13:30
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
Many people are involved in farming.
13:33
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
Fewer and fewer people are farmers.
13:35
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
They can grow more and more food,
13:37
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
so more and more people can do other things than farm.
13:40
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
So people have changed where they live.
13:43
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
Over here,
13:44
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
food.
13:45
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
How has our food changed?
13:46
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
Well,
13:47
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
a long time ago in the past,
13:49
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
people harvested by hand.
13:51
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
They gathered the food by hand.
13:53
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
That's all that they had.
13:54
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
They just had their hands and they would gather the food together.
13:57
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
Nowadays,
13:58
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
however,
13:59
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
you can harvest by machine.
14:00
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
And that kind of gets back to what we were talking about here,
14:03
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
right?
14:03
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
Most people lived on farmhouses because everybody had to gather food.
14:07
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
They couldn't grow as much food.
14:09
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
But now that you can grow a lot more food,
14:11
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
because if you use a machine,
14:13
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
you can gather much more food,
14:15
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
that allows people to live in city houses,
14:18
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
and not everybody has to be a farmer.
14:20
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
Let's take a look at a video of a machine that
14:24
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
is harvesting a crop.
14:25
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
So here we have the crop here.
14:27
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
It looks like wheat.
14:28
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
And we have a harvester.
14:29
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
This machine is called a harvester.
14:32
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
And it's coming along and it's gathering up all the wheat.
14:36
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
And you can see it's chopping it up and it's
14:40
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
putting it up on the back of the machine.
14:42
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
And basically what it's doing,
14:43
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
it's gathering all of this wheat by machine.
14:46
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
And obviously that machine just went through this field really fast.
14:50
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
It would take a much,
14:52
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
much longer time for a person.
14:54
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
to do the same thing by hand.
14:57
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
So machines have made it possible
15:00
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
for us to grow larger and larger amounts of food very quickly.
15:04
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
Okay,
15:06
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
let's go over our word matching exercise.
15:08
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
We're going to match the words to their different definitions.
15:11
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
Our words are life,
15:14
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
dress,
15:15
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
shelter,
15:17
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
shelter,
15:18
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
clothing,
15:20
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
clothing,
15:22
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
crop,
15:23
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
crop and farm farm that's easy okay
15:28
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
let's take a look at the definitions a place to live
15:32
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
or to stay.
15:33
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
Which place is a place to live or stay?
15:36
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
Now you could say farm.
15:38
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
You could live on a farm,
15:39
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
true. But more general,
15:42
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
more broad,
15:43
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
any place to live or to stay is a shelter.
15:47
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
And remember,
15:48
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
there's many types of shelters.
15:49
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
Apartments,
15:50
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
houses, farms are shelters.
15:52
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
But when we say a place to live or stay,
15:54
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
we want the general word.
15:56
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
We want the big word.
15:57
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
We want to go for shelter.
15:58
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
That's more appropriate.
15:59
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
Okay.
16:01
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
The way a person lives.
16:02
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
The way a person lives,
16:04
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
we talked about that a little bit.
16:06
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
That's the life,
16:07
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
right?
16:07
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
The life of a person or lifestyle of a person is the way that a
16:11
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
person lives.
16:12
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
Three,
16:13
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
coverings that people wear.
16:15
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
So we put things over our body.
16:17
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
We cover our bodies with these things.
16:20
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
This is called,
16:21
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
of course, clothing.
16:22
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
Okay,
16:24
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
let's move on to number four.
16:27
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
a plant that people grow as food.
16:30
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
So we grow plants for food,
16:32
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
what do we call those?
16:33
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
They're special kinds of plants,
16:34
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
right? Not all plants are crops.
16:36
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
If we go out in the forest,
16:38
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
right, and we see weeds growing,
16:39
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
those aren't crops.
16:40
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
A tree,
16:41
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
that's not a crop,
16:42
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
right?
16:42
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
It's only the plants that we grow as food.
16:45
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
And I just gave you the idea.
16:47
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
I just gave you the answer.
16:48
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
It's a crop, right?
16:49
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
So crops,
16:50
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
those are plants that people grow as food.
16:52
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
Trees are not crops.
16:54
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
Weeds are not crops.
16:55
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
Only things like wheat,
16:57
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
rice, corn,
16:58
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
cucumbers,
16:59
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
tomatoes.
17:00
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
Those plants that we eat as food,
17:02
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
those are crops.
17:04
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
Okay, number five.
17:05
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
A piece of land where people grow crops or animals.
17:09
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
That's much more specific,
17:11
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
isn't it?
17:12
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
That's farm,
17:13
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
right?
17:13
S… Speaker 1 (31049713934-1-192)
A farm,
17:14
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
sure. A farm can be a shelter.
17:16
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
We can live on a farm.
17:17
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
But very specifically,
17:18
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
a farm is a piece of land where people grow crops or animals.
17:22
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
That is a farm.
17:24
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
Number six,
17:25
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
a type of clothing for women and girls.
17:28
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
Remember we talked about this?
17:30
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
A long time ago,
17:32
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
women only wore this type of clothing,
17:34
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
typically wore this type of clothing.
17:37
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
That would be a dress.
17:38
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
So women wore dresses much,
17:41
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
much more commonly in the past.
17:43
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
Nowadays,
17:44
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
people wear T -shirts and jeans.
17:48
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
okay let's take a look at our chart here different and the same how are things
17:52
S… Speaker 2 (31049713934-1-192)
different and how are they the same of course in the past and in

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