Track 2.4

Nov 09, 2026 04:13 · 3:46 · English · Whisper Turbo · 7 Reproduktory
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Track 2 .4,
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Unit 2,
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Listening 2.
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Good afternoon,
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class.
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Today,
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we're going to continue talking about circadian rhythm.
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And today's lecture is about sleep.
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There are two questions I'd like to discuss with you.
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First,
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is there a normal or typical sleep cycle?
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And second,
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what are some cycles that different people or cultures
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follow?
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Let's go right to the first question.
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Is there a normal sleep cycle?
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The answer is yes.
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Most people around the world follow a monophasic
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cycle.
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Mono means one,
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and phasic means a period of time.
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In other words,
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most people sleep for six to eight hours in
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one phase or one period,
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usually at night.
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Then they're awake for 16 to 18 hours.
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And after that,
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the cycle starts again.
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Now,
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it's true that a monophasic sleep cycle is typical for
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most people.
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However,
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there are some cultures where a biphasic cycle
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is normal.
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Let me explain.
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Bi means two.
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Biphasic sleepers have two sleep periods
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a day.
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In some countries,
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like Spain,
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it's traditional for people to sleep for four or five
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hours at night and then take a long nap in the afternoon.
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Okay,
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finally,
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there's a third kind of sleep cycle that isn't so
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common.
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It's called multiphasic.
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Multi means many.
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And in this cycle,
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people never sleep for a long time.
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Instead,
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they take many naps in every 24 -hour period.
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For example,
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they might take six short naps a day for
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a total of three hours of sleep.
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Or maybe they take one long nap
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and several short ones for a total of four hours.
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There are a few people who do this by choice
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because they want more time to work or study.
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But there are lots of other people who have to follow a multiphasic
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cycle as part of their work.
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For example,
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doctors,
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truck drivers,
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and yes,
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students.
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Especially at exam time.
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The problem with a multiphasic sleep cycle
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is that it's not healthy.
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It interrupts the body's natural circadian rhythm,
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the clock in our brain.
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As a result,
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people may feel tired all the time.
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They often make mistakes or have accidents.
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In fact,
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research shows that multiphasic sleep
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for weeks or months can make people sick.
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So,
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in conclusion,
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we can answer the two questions I asked you at the beginning.
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We can say that both monophasic and biphasic
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sleep cycles are normal in different cultures.
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On the other hand,
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most experts agree that a multiphasic sleep cycle
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is not a good idea for most people because it's not
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safe or healthy.

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