New Recording 24

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We try to have all kinds of apps like for banking,

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transport,

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any kind of stuff,

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we have mobile apps today.

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And today phones seem to be like mini computers.

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They try to work like a mini computer,

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do all kinds of computation.

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Because of another technology called cloud,

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since all the applications and data are hosted in some server,

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if you have an internet service in a browser,

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you can access those services.

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So phones are considered to be like mini computers and also like today

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for any digital identity,

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for your verification,

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we use smartphones.

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So what kind of protection do we provide?

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That is the first question.

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Usually people use a lock.

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Right with a four -digit pin or a pattern or your face log.

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That is like the initial level.

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Then for each application you have some protection.

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For data you can have a separate protection like a folder box and kind

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of stuff.

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But it's on your user perspective.

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But what happens on the other perspective?

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On the other side of a backend.

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Malverse plays a vital role on all phones.

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Right, they can have data from your mobile phones.

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So how do we protect them?

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And today with any apps like your bank and all,

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today we go for authentication with your app.

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For example, even your Microsoft services,

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if you want to log in,

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you can use a mobile for Microsoft Authenticator.

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For your bank,

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for any transaction,

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even their bank app for authentication.

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So we depend on these mobile phones for authentication purposes.

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So whether we protect this device first,

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then only I can think about how I can use this device for

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the authentication.

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So first reason the dominance.

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Second reason is act like a mini computer.

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Third reason we use it for authenticating your transactions.

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And fourth reason is going to be like a critical infrastructure.

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Each and every company have their own way of designing their

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mobile.

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So how their architecture is safe.

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who gives a guarantee of protecting their architects.

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So that is going to be another stuff like each and

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every country has their own quality of a device usage.

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Some devices are not allowed to use in UAE.

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Right, so why they ban it so that they need to find like

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each and every device How come it is effective?

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What is allowed and what is not allowed in that?

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So it's a critical infrastructure and last one is policy dimension Each

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and every app has their own policy of allowing right then how

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your mobile conflicts to that context

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So when you think about phone security,

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these are the things which we need to come across.

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Like we use it in everywhere.

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It used like a mini computer.

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It is used like your identity verification.

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It is a critical infrastructure at last policy dimensionality

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because of various services.

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So because of these five key concepts,

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people look for phone security.

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But when we think about a

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phone, what it has?

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It has a hardware.

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It has a software which is your operating system.

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And it has application.

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Whether we have a common hardware,

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software and application.

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No.

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Each and every mobile phone manufacturer have their own hardware.

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And we use different version of operating system in Android or iOS.

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And we use different version of your applications.

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Right.

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Everything is different.

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So the ecosystem is dynamic.

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Every time it's going to be different.

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And the network that we use that is also not the same.

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Maybe here we use the same Wi -Fi,

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but when we go out,

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everyone have your own data network to work.

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So even the network lines are different.

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So nothing is common among the users.

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So how the security can be provided?

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So this was the problem,

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not only now,

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from the earlier stages.

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Today we use various techniques as is here,

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cryptography,

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access control mechanism,

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mobile protocols,

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telecom network design,

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all these we use today.

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But if you see the history,

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there are like four stages of development of attacks.

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The first one is going to be a phone freaking.

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When the phone freaking happens,

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even now it happens,

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if you use lab line.

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for any official purpose.

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It has a duration of office time.

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After that,

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it is going to be added.

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During that time,

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someone can take that channel and they can use it as like you call

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to somebody.

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So that is for phone freaking.

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Initially, everything was on landline.

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So they use this phone freaking.

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Whenever your channel is free,

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they misuse the channel for the data transfer.

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Second is when we organize the tribe.

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Bypassing all and they use your line and you will get the bills.

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So they are trying to make it as an organized trend.

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Next deregulation and smartphones and apps.

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Actually today we are in the stage 4.

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We use all digital.

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Your identity is completely available in your mobile phone.

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The main target in your mobile phone is to steal your identity.

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So identity theft happens,

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your banking stuff,

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malicious apps.

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We don't know what apps runs in your mobile phone 24 a .m.

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Whether those apps are legitimate,

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can you monitor your mobile phone?

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There is an option with your LMS.

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But if you enable it,

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those LMS will learn about you.

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So in order to avoid that,

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I need to create my own customized LLM,

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where it will not share the knowledge with anybody.

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Only that,

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LLM will enhance the security of your mobile phone.

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But if you see here,

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phone freaking,

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organized crime,

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deregulation and smartphone.

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These are the four stages of attacks.

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Because of the attacks,

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there was a development of a new things.

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When you see these development in mobile technologies,

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there are two ways in technology development.

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One is repairing,

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another one is replacing.

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Repairing is,

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oh I develop a technology,

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there is a problem,

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I need to resolve it with some enhancement.

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That is called repairing.

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Replacing is,

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oh if this technology has a problem,

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okay, I will find an algorithm.

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I move on to the next.

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Mobile technology works on the second angle.

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It tries to replace always it goes on to the next next even if you

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see you use a mobile phone type whether that is the recent one Once

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you buy a mobile phone within a six months you find that there will be another recent one There

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will be an advancement of that mobile phone,

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right?

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So they always try to go for a new new development

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So we cannot trust on the device that we hold on it.

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So we need to be cautious.

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Very simple recommendation is whenever we install some apps,

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it mandates you to enable all the services in your mobile phone.

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But if you give all permission,

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that app can open anytime and access your resources anytime.

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But if you restrict,

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whenever you use,

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ask me.

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It will be prompting too much.

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That is the reason why we give default permissions to every apps.

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But if you want a safeguard,

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limit the number of apps that you use and limit the permissions that

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you provide for those apps.

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If not,

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the smartphones and apps in that stage,

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we will face huge number of attacks.

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The patterns of vulnerabilities happens with four

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different people.

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First one is enthusiasm.

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They want to break and they want to innovate new things so that is depends

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on the first Second one is criminals.

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They are being targeting a certain number of users to bypass For

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example in banking,

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you know how many phishing calls or emails we receive to get

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your credentials So that is going to be criminal accident

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Third one is regulators.

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In order to prove this is wrong,

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they try to break it.

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And fourth one is industry marketing.

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In order to say,

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oh, others are all vulnerable,

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I am safe,

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they try to break that thing wrong.

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So these are the four places where vulnerability comes

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out of it and phone technology gets outdated every day.

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Every day there was a new development.

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For example,

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if you see your app update,

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Every week you can see that will be an app update to your mobile phone.

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So while that happens,

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always there will be somebody to break your security.

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So the developers will try to enhance the security.

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When we think about phone security,

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we have two things.

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One is network security,

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another one is device security.

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The device security is completely in your control.

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The user need to know where to connect,

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where not to connect,

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what to use and not to use.

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So everything is in your control.

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So we are not going to discuss in detail about device security,

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but we will discuss about network security.

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Because your device without internet,

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it is no use to it.

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So we try to connect your device to your internet service as well as for

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your data services.

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Data service is a normal one.

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So how that network connectivity need to be protected.

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So you will be focusing on that aspect of network security.

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So when we think about phone security,

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three things which will come to your mind.

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The first one is telecom networking like Atisalat and Doop

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which they provide you the service.

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Second one is software and hardware security that you have in your hand.

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And third one is human factors and policy analytics.

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How to use.

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So there are three factors involved in your phone security.

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So the human.

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your hardware and software and then your network provider so

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all these three need to be in a control in order to protect

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your phone devices if not it is going to be vulnerable so

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let us try to explore some of the attacks which happens on phone networks

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because hardware and software is in your control it's a basic social engineering attacks

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will happen so you need to take care of it and the human factors are of

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course based on your awareness so we will focus only on the phone networks

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So let us try to explore the attacks that happens on your phone

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networks.

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The first attack which is common attack called phone call metering.

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What is phone call metering?

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When you use your mobile networks,

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there is a metering happens.

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How many calls you have done,

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how many SMS you have sent,

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how much data you have used,

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right?

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So can we fake this metering?

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You

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will not know because it is billing for you.

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But what attackers need?

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Right, so there was an earlier days like they have you seen the button phones Now

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you have used touch,

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but in the earlier days they have some button phones There will be a button

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to attend a call,

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there will be a button to end your call,

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there will be a button to send an SMS So everything will be on that buttons,

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right?

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So if you press that button that action has happened

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Right, so if you see the attacks that commonly happens here the classic attacks

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will be on this like fake coin sounds Right,

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so that will be triggered because the metering happens based on the power they

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try to create a fake magic buttons

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If you press one button,

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it automatically triggers to press another button.

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That magic button,

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then call an identity disruption,

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like faking your identity as their identity and line tapping,

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like wire tapping.

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They do line tapping.

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These were happening in your wired telephone

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systems.

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In wired telephone systems,

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this call maturing can be easily attacked with these types.

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To avoid this,

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They have like a human verification electrical signaling

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and They call call and authentication today

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everything is wireless Whatever happens they evaluate with

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your sim card.

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They don't evaluate with the phone what I attend what I?

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They take care with your sim card what your

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sim card send and receive to your phone networks

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So since they focus on your SIM card,

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manipulating your SIM card is quite fast.

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It will use some enormous technology to differ itself.

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So today this attack is no more,

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but in the earlier days of your button systems,

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this was happening because of lack of authentication.

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Since there is any single sense to your phone network,

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there is no authentication.

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So that is the reason why these attacks were happening by manipulating

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your phone devices.

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But today,

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since we made everything as a digital signal,

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this attack is quite hard.

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Everything is your SIM card.

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So,

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if you put all the planes to one place,

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the attacker will also target your place.

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If you have seen your SIM card place,

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it has been made with a coil where none of the signals can

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affect your SIM card.

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They try to protect your SIM card in an effective way.

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so that is why this phone call metering attack is not possible but

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can they manipulate the data that has been

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sent from your sim card to your mobile so if

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the problem comes on the second phase called signal so

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i cannot target your sim card i cannot manipulate your sim card

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but your sim card gives data to your mobile

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can that signal can be bypassed

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Yes.

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So here if you see,

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in signaling,

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it does call setup,

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routing and termination.

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So if you are going to make a call,

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so there must be a path from your mobile phone to the receiver

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mobile phone.

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A call setup and routing will be done.

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And when you disconnect,

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the termination needs to be done.

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So there is a process in your connectivity.

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If you are going to connect two mobile phones by voice data

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or your digital data,

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Voice data,

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we need a dedicated call center,

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we need a dedicated path to reach your destination.

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This can be manipulated.

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If you see here,

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there are some core vulnerabilities called in -band signaling and injecting

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the control nodes.

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So that was why today,

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the signaling has been made with adopt signals.

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What is adopt?

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What do you mean by adopt?

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Temporary.

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Previously, we had a fixed signal like ETA.

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We have a dedicated connection with your mobile network.

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There will be a dedicated wireless connectivity with your mobile phone.

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But today,

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to avoid these problems,

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if you see here,

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the vulnerabilities of in -band sickening and in -jet camera phones,

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because of that,

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we had force clicking and blue box.

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These two attacks were happening.

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They were taking the control of your channel and trying to manipulate the data

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that has been sent to your mobile phone.

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To avoid this problem,

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today we will use at -hoc signals.

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What does autopsy mean?

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Set up for a rising.

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Today,

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you use not today.

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this minute you use a particular channel next minute you use a different channel

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so the channel that we use to connect your mobile station is

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dynamic so there is no fixed channel so they cannot do

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these attacks okay but previously it is a fixed channel even when

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you connect your wi -fi in this classroom it is a fixed

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channel

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They use a dedicated port to connect.

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So if anyone gains access of this signaling,

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they can manipulate the data that is sent to your Wi -Fi.

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So this problem has been avoided in your mobile technology

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using adoption.

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That is what they say,

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out -of -band signaling.

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There is a separate control network

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which provides you a dynamic signal for connecting.

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Every 3 seconds your mobile phone responds to your mobile

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network.

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which we call it as a heartbeat reporting.

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Whether your device is live or not,

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we call it as this heartbeat reporting to your mobile network.

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That every 3 seconds it uses a different channel for recording.

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So it is very hard to perform this heartbeat.

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This is about the connectivity.

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Third is routing.

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Can a mobile stations can be hacked?

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The towers can be hacked.

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So that is the switching and configuration.

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So if you take here switching and configuration,

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which should try to make a path to connect between two entities.

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That path can be manipulated.

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So there are many common attacks.

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You see here land travel,

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self -privileged installation,

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social engineering.

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So these three common attacks happen in the switching and configuration where

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the routing between the source and destination will be manipulated.

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To avoid this,

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today they use the separate standards to control the communication

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between the towers.

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It will be like an internal network security,

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they provide security for the two mobile towers.

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After this,

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the N systems,

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the hardware that we use,

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which is the insecure N systems.

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If your mobile phone is not safe,

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if you download any malicious program to your mobile phone,

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Without, you will not see anything on your display.

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But it can make a call,

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it can send and receive data,

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it can send SMS.

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Even if you receive an OTP,

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it can fetch.

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There are some apps which can read your messages.

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For example,

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there is an app called TrueCaller.

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So if I install TrueCaller,

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it can read my call,

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it can read my SMS,

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it can read any notification that comes to my mobile phone.

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So it can read.

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We think that true caller is safe.

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If anyone can manipulate that true caller,

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then they can fix the data by the true caller

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reading and they can use it for their benefits.

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If you see here like voice call hacking,

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PBX fraud which is like the dialing of using stuff and mobile

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manuals.

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So these attacks happen to your mobile phone.

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Why?

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To steal your stuff.

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For example, if you touch anything,

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it will take a screenshot.

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And it will be sending it to your attacker.

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So when you touch a password your keyboard screenshot like a key logger it

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can record your ping and they can use it against you.

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And they can link your account to any other third

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party like Google Pay or Sunset Pay and they can fetch your accounts from the banking.

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So all these things will happen if your end systems are insecure.

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So we need to have an effective defensive mechanism to protect.

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So the simple thing is,

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there are three recommendations.

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Don't use any default settings.

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Customize.

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Try to customize based on your need and usage.

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If you have any unused feature,

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disable it.

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Restrict.

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Remove all the permissions of those apps.

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And monitor the usage and permissions.

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Today, we have GPT's to monitor your mobile phone.

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You can learn like what happens in your mobile phone.

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Samsung released a version of that app.

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It will work only on a Samsung phone.

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It will be like a local application.

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It will analyze your mobile phone and every day you can see a look.

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Like this application uses network for what?

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What data has been sent and received.

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You can see the log,

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analysis with the AR and you can find anything for sure.

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So we need to have some solutions to monitor your mobile

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devices.

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Next one is VOIP.

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Today we avoid using normal calls.

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Why everyone doesn't WhatsApp,

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Instagram,

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Telegrams.

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So even if you want to contact them,

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you try to use those applications.

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So that we make a call through internet services.

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We will not use your voice network,

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we will use your data network.

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So in EOIPs,

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today we have AI -justifying apps.

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If you are going to receive some calls,

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even the AI we can make a call.

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AI can talk with you,

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AI can interact like a human being.

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So whenever we use this voice calls,

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we need to be alert on that.

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Someone can misuse.

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For example,

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WhatsApp,

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we have a recent update.

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You can install the same across WhatsApp in multiple devices,

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but you can use WhatsApp calls only on a certain device.

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You can restrict it.

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Where do you bring that policy?

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Because if you are going to enable all services,

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suppose I use three devices and all the three enable WhatsApp account.

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So from any device I can make a call.

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So from any device I can make a call,

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so I can make a call,

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so that is fine.

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If someone can misuse that application,

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if one of my devices is vulnerable and some malicious wrong controls

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my WhatsApp, it can send a call,

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it can send a text to anyone.

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So until unless it will be notified to me,

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I will not be aware of that.

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So in VOID,

New Recording 24

Samenvatting

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