VID_20260630_231020_155

Jun 30, 2026 18:52 · 8:12 · English · Whisper Turbo · 2 Лектори
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Gravity is what keeps your feet firmly planted on the ground.
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
That's why the average person can only jump about 1 .5 feet straight up.
0:07
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
But if we had to live on another planet,
0:10
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
say Venus or Saturn,
0:12
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
let's find out what difficulties we'd have to endure there.
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
We'll try Mercury first as it's closest to the Sun.
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
The gravity on this planet is less than half that on Earth,
0:22
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
so you'll be able to jump about 4 feet high.
0:25
S… Speaker 1 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
That is,
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
if you can stand the temperatures.
0:28
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
On the sunny side,
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
the heat reaches 800 degrees.
0:31
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
To be there is like standing neck -deep in dark red lava on the
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
slopes of a volcano.
0:36
S… Speaker 1 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Oh boy!
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Night won't bring much respite either.
0:39
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Scorching air will quickly chill to minus 280 degrees.
0:44
S… Speaker 1 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
You'll also have to be patient.
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
since one day on Mercury lasts 176 Earth days.
0:50
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Well, hopping from this inhospitable place to even less
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
welcoming Venus.
0:56
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
You'd be able to see Earth from here if not for the whirling mass of clouds
1:00
S… Speaker 1 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
above.
1:00
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
They create a monstrous greenhouse effect,
1:03
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
as well as immense atmospheric pressure.
1:06
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
If you were to jump here,
1:07
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
you'd make it just shy of 1 .7 feet high,
1:10
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
because the mass and size of Earth and Venus are almost similar with
1:15
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Venus being a little smaller.
1:17
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Besides the constant temperature of a blazing furnace,
1:20
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
rain here wouldn't bring relief.
1:22
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
The clouds up there are made of sulfuric acid.
1:25
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Skipping our home planet,
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
we go straight for its moon,
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Luna as it's otherwise called.
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Gravity here is less than a fifth of that on Earth,
1:33
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
so if you jump,
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
you'll rise almost 9 feet in the air and won't touch the ground again for
1:39
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
several seconds.
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
It's hard to believe this desolate piece of space rock makes tides
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
on Earth habit.
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
And if you stay on the moon long enough,
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
as in a couple million years,
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
you'll see how much further it's gone from our home planet.
1:52
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Next destination is Mars,
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S… Speaker 1 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
the red planet.
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S… Speaker 1 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Here,
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
a vertical jump will take you about 4 feet in the air.
1:59
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
If there was any air to speak of,
2:01
S… Speaker 1 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
of course.
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Mars has an atmosphere,
2:03
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
but it's much thinner than on Earth.
2:05
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
If you stay here until evening,
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
you'll be able to marvel at a beautiful blue sunset.
2:10
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
And you can probably see a mountain from here.
2:13
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
That's Olympus Mons,
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
the tallest mountain in the solar system.
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
It's almost 3 times taller than Everest.
2:20
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
And it's also a volcano,
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S… Speaker 1 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
by the way.
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S… Speaker 1 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Leaping from here to Phobos,
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
one of the two moons of Mars.
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Plant your feet firmly and don't be tempted to jump.
2:30
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Gravity here is so weak that you won't be able to return.
2:35
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Phobos is really small compared to other moons in the solar system,
2:38
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
no larger than a big asteroid.
2:40
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
It's almost 100 times closer to its planet than our moon to
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Earth. Eventually,
2:46
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
it's doomed to be pulled critically close to Mars and shattered.
2:50
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Scientists believe Mars can obtain its own rings then,
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S… Speaker 1 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
much like Saturn.
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S… Speaker 1 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Now, we're going to a really weird object.
2:57
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
It's called Ceres,
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
and it's the largest asteroid in the Solar System.
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S… Speaker 1 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
So large,
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
in fact, it was later classified as a dwarf planet.
3:05
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
It's almost exactly halfway between Mars and Jupiter,
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
somewhere in the main asteroid belt.
3:12
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
If you jump here,
3:13
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
you'll be taken up almost 52 feet and then slowly fall
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S… Speaker 1 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
back.
3:18
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Ceres is so massive that it accounts for a third of
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
all mass in the asteroid belt.
3:24
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Fast forward to the next waypoint,
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S… Speaker 1 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Jupiter.
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Being a gas giant,
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
this planet has no solid surface,
3:31
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
so jumping here is irrelevant.
3:33
S… Speaker 1 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
But if you must,
3:35
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
you could only hop about 6 inches high.
3:38
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Jupiter is more than 10 times larger than Earth and 300 times
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
as massive,
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
so its gravity is enormous.
3:45
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
There's also a perpetual storm on its surface that's been there for
3:49
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
at least 4 centuries.
3:50
S… Speaker 1 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Although it's getting smaller with time,
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S… Speaker 1 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
at the moment,
3:53
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
our whole planet could fit into that storm.
3:56
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Our next stop is Ganymede,
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S… Speaker 1 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
the largest of Jupiter's moons.
4:00
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
It's solid,
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
so you can easily jump here and make it over 10 feet high.
4:05
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
This moon is larger than Mercury,
4:07
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
but its mass is significantly lower,
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
which makes gravity rather weak.
4:11
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Ganymede is covered in thick ice,
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
and deep beneath that is a liquid metal core.
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
This core is why Ganymede is the only moon to have a pretty strong magnetic
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S… Speaker 1 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
field.
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Next, we go to Saturn,
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
the second gas giant of the solar system.
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
It's only slightly smaller than Jupiter,
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
able to fit 9 .5 moons in it,
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
but way less massive.
4:33
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
If it had any hard surface to jump from,
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
you'd be able to hop as high as 1 .4 feet in the air,
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
almost as high as on our planet.
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Saturn is most famous for its rings,
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
which are particles of dust and ice left from impacts with different space
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S… Speaker 1 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
objects.
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
It spins so fast around its axis that it has flattened itself
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
almost into an oblong shape.
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
It also has 62 moons,
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S… Speaker 1 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
only 5 fewer than Jupiter.
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Let's explore one of them right now.
5:01
S… Speaker 1 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Hopping further,
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S… Speaker 1 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
and here we are,
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
on the largest moon of Saturn,
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S… Speaker 1 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Titan.
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Jumping here will take you just shy of 11 feet high.
5:09
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
The atmosphere of this moon is most peculiar.
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
It's heavy and mostly consists of nitrogen,
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
making the surface appear hazy.
5:17
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
It's also made almost entirely of ice.
5:19
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
But there's rock underneath,
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
and water is only thought to be deep below,
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
near the core.
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
And one amazing thing on Titans outside are cryovolcanoes,
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
volcanoes that spew ice instead of lava.
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Next on our path is Uranus,
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S… Speaker 1 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
another giant,
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
only this one is made of ice.
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
In fact,
5:39
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
it's mostly similar to Jupiter and Saturn,
5:41
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
but it has much more ice in its atmosphere and mantle.
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Jumping here will take you up about 1 .7 feet.
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Uranus is also the lowest minimum temperature of all planets
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S… Speaker 1 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
in the system,
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
at minus 377 degrees.
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
It's colder than liquid nitrogen,
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
so you'll freeze right where you stand.
6:01
S… Speaker 1 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Cool.
6:02
S… Speaker 1 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Really.
6:03
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Our route continues with Neptune,
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S… Speaker 1 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
the twin brother of Uranus.
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
It's also an ice giant and although a bit smaller in size,
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
it's much more massive.
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Because of this mass,
6:14
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
the gravity here is also impressive.
6:16
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
You'd only be able to jump about 1 .3 feet.
6:19
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
One year on Neptune takes almost 165 Earth years
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
because it's 30 times further from the Sun than we are.
6:26
S… Speaker 1 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
In fact,
6:27
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
this is the last proved planet of the Solar System.
6:30
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
But our hopping trip isn't finished yet.
6:33
S… Speaker 1 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
We're arriving to Triton,
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
one of Neptune's moons.
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Gravity here is not extremely low,
6:39
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
so a single jump would take you a comfortable 19 feet up.
6:43
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Triton is the only moon that moves in a retrograde orbit,
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S… Speaker 1 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
that is,
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
against the movement of Neptune around its axis.
6:50
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
It also has a unique surface feature called cantaloupe terrain
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
for its similarity to a melon.
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Next is the dark and lonely Pluto,
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
formerly the ninth planet,
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
but now no more than a dwarf planet.
7:04
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Its gravity is somewhat lower than that of Triton's,
7:07
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
and you could jump over 25 feet high here.
7:10
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Pluto is too small to be a fully -fledged planet.
7:13
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
It's smaller than many moons,
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S… Speaker 1 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
including ours.
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Its atmosphere appears and disappears at times.
7:18
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
When Pluto is closer to the Sun,
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
the ice on its surface evaporates to become the atmosphere.
7:24
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
But as soon as it travels further,
7:26
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
the gas layer goes away.
7:28
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
So hold your breath.
7:31
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
And finally,
7:31
S… Speaker 1 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
our final stop,
7:33
S… Speaker 1 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
finally.
7:34
S… Speaker 1 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
It's Eris.
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S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
It's a dwarf planet that travels in and out of the Kuiper Belt,
7:39
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
a second asteroid belt that's 20 times as wide as the one between Mars
7:43
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
and Jupiter.
7:43
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Jumping on Eris' surface would take you up about 18 feet.
7:48
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
This object was actually the reason why the term dwarf planet appeared
7:52
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
in the first place.
7:53
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Astronomers wanted to call it the 10th planet of the solar system,
7:56
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
but then reconsidered.
7:58
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
And if they hadn't,
7:59
S… Speaker 1 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
who knows?
8:00
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Maybe we would have had even more planets afterwards.
8:03
S… Speaker 1 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
Oops,
8:04
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
this just in.
8:05
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
The universe really doesn't care what we deem planets or moons.
8:09
S… Speaker 2 (VID_20260630_231020_155)
It's too busy with important stuff.

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