2026-04-13 08-52-50

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S… Speaker 1 (2026-04-13 08-52-50)

In this video,

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S… Speaker 2 (2026-04-13 08-52-50)

we're going to go over what Splunk is and

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S… Speaker 2 (2026-04-13 08-52-50)

how it can be used in threat hunting.

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S… Speaker 1 (2026-04-13 08-52-50)

So to start off with,

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S… Speaker 2 (2026-04-13 08-52-50)

what is Splunk?

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If you are not familiar with Splunk,

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it is a security information and event management system,

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or a SIEM or SIEM,

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depending on how you want to pronounce it.

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It's used for a lot more than just security.

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A lot of organizations use it for things like system monitoring,

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performance information,

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error correlation,

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things like that.

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S… Speaker 2 (2026-04-13 08-52-50)

For our purposes,

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we're going to be looking at it from a threat hunting perspective.

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S… Speaker 2 (2026-04-13 08-52-50)

It's capable of performing analysis on logs

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and other data that is fed into the system,

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and it can collect logs from multiple different sources,

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performing both aggregation and correlation activities,

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basically tying logs together from multiple different systems to

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kind of build the story about what's been happening on those systems

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and on the network in general.

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It does have capabilities for real -time analysis.

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S… Speaker 2 (2026-04-13 08-52-50)

There are a lot of alerting capabilities included in

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Splunk, and a lot of organizations will use Splunk as part of their security

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operations center as well.

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for the alerting and also for the dashboards

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and visualizations capabilities that Splunk has inside.

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S… Speaker 1 (2026-04-13 08-52-50)

Now,

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for the most part in threat hunting,

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we're not really going to be taking a look at the dashboards because those are going to be more

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of reactive measures waiting for Splunk to

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analyze data and show information on those dashboards where

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threat hunting is more of a proactive activity.

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S… Speaker 2 (2026-04-13 08-52-50)

Visualizations can sometimes be used in threat hunting just basically

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S… Speaker 2 (2026-04-13 08-52-50)

as a way to show the data a bit more cleaner,

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S… Speaker 2 (2026-04-13 08-52-50)

and we'll take a look at some forms of visualizations like

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S… Speaker 2 (2026-04-13 08-52-50)

tables and things like that as we go through this course and start working

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with Splunk a bit more.

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One thing that is very common to use in threat hunting

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S… Speaker 2 (2026-04-13 08-52-50)

with Splunk is raw searches of the logs.

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S… Speaker 1 (2026-04-13 08-52-50)

And this is done in Splunk,

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specifically using what's known as SPL,

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the Splunk Processing Language.

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That is the language that's used to craft the queries

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S… Speaker 2 (2026-04-13 08-52-50)

that are used to search through logs in Splunk.

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S… Speaker 2 (2026-04-13 08-52-50)

We'll take a look at SPL in more detail in a later video

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S… Speaker 2 (2026-04-13 08-52-50)

in this course,

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though.

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It also has a lot of options for add

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-on applications from various different vendors and security

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providers to kind of expand upon the functionality that's

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included in Splunk by default.

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S… Speaker 2 (2026-04-13 08-52-50)

For the purposes of threat hunting,

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S… Speaker 2 (2026-04-13 08-52-50)

though, we're not going to be looking at any of that.

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S… Speaker 2 (2026-04-13 08-52-50)

The most important thing we're going to be looking at is the raw searches.

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Again,

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with a little bit of visualization kind of sprinkled in there,

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if you will.

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So Splunk has a very specific architecture that

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you should be aware of.

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The key component of Splunk is the indexer.

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It is in charge of storing and organizing all

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of the log information that is fed into it through a number

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of forwarders.

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The forwarder's jobs are to collect and send data

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to the indexer.

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S… Speaker 1 (2026-04-13 08-52-50)

Now, in this case,

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we're talking about forwarders in this kind of instance as kind of a generic term

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for anything that sends log data to the

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indexer.

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There is an actual Splunk forwarder kind of application

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that can be installed on systems to help with that.

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But in this instance,

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S… Speaker 2 (2026-04-13 08-52-50)

we're using forwarder in more of the generic term,

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S… Speaker 1 (2026-04-13 08-52-50)

if you will.

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S… Speaker 1 (2026-04-13 08-52-50)

Now,

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coupled with the indexer,

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you also have what's known as the search head.

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This is kind of what provides the interface for

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S… Speaker 2 (2026-04-13 08-52-50)

running searches,

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showing dashboards,

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that kind of thing.

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and the data from the indexer is what's included in those searches.

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Now, the indexer and the search head can be on one system,

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or it can be spread across multiple indexers,

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multiple search heads.

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That's going to really depend on the amount of data being ingested

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into Splunk,

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the requirements the organization has,

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the deployment model that's being used.

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For the sake of what we're looking at in our labs

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and in everything,

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this is all kind of an all -in -one system.

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So you can have just one server running both the

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indexer and search head,

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or you can have multiple indexers and multiple search heads.

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S… Speaker 1 (2026-04-13 08-52-50)

But now let's...

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take a break from the slides and move over into our lab environment

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and take a look at Splunk really quick just so you're familiar with the interface

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before we jump in and start working on writing queries.

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So when you first log into Splunk this is

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kind of the interface you'll be looking at.

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This is where you can have different applications loaded into Splunk,

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but the main component we're going to be concerned about when it comes to threat hunting

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is the search and reporting section here on the

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far left.

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So we go into the search and reporting section,

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and to start off with,

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it's very simple.

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We have our search box.

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We have some search history and some information here.

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One thing you can look at to see what kind of data

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you have in Splunk is the data summary.

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So if you click on the data summary,

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you can see exactly what kind of information you have in this

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system.

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So we have logs from three different sources here,

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three different hosts.

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We have different types,

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basically sources.

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So we have a lot of information from our Windows event logs,

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including things like PowerShell and Sysmon,

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as you can see right here.

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And then we have a source types as well.

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It's a different way of organizing the data.

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Now, when you are looking at Splunk and

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doing searches in Splunk,

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one of the key things you need to keep in mind is over

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here on the right -hand side,

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and I'll make that a little easier to see,

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the right -hand side right there where it says last 24 hours.

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The key you need to keep in mind there is to make sure whatever the

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time frame for the threat hunt you're performing,

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you have selected properly in here.

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There's a lot of presets you can use,

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including relative time information,

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and also one that just covers logs,

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all of the logs that are included in Splunk.

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You have real -time options for,

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you know, 24 hours ago.

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You can specify date ranges,

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date and time ranges,

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all kinds of things.

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So for the purposes of just kind of what we're looking at here,

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we're going to be looking at...

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all time just to make it simple to make sure we're including all

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of our logs here.

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I also mentioned earlier that Splunk is capable of doing things like

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real -time alerting,

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and that's where alerts would show up here in this alerts section.

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Of course,

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with the free version of Splunk,

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alerting is not included.

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You also have dashboards that can be configured in here,

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and there are some default dashboards that are included.

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But again,

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for the purposes of threat hunting,

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we're going to be looking primarily at just the searching.

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Now, we'll get into this when we start talking about SPL and how to construct

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S… Speaker 1 (2026-04-13 08-52-50)

different queries in Splunk.

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But one of the main things you have to keep in mind when you're making these searches,

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besides the time frame,

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which you can see as we switch screens at reset,

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we'll set it back to all time here,

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is that all data in Splunk is stored in an

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index.

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There are or can be multiple different indexes

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in any given Splunk installation.

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And that just depends on,

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you know, what the organization needs,

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how the organization wants to organize the logging information,

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things like that.

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There is a default index included in

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Splunk that's called main.

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Typically,

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best practices say to not put production data in

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that index and to use a custom index.

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For the purposes of this course and our labs,

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we will have an index called E -C -T -H -P.

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And that is how we're going to be starting all of

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our searches throughout this course when we're talking about Splunk.

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S… Speaker 1 (2026-04-13 08-52-50)

They will start with index equals E -C -T -H -P.

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We hit enter there,

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and we should get basically all the logs included in this

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lab.

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So we see here we have 4 ,156

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events recorded from that return,

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excuse me,

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from the search we just did.

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S… Speaker 1 (2026-04-13 08-52-50)

And again, we just did a search for index equals ecthp.

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which returns all of the data that is in

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that index because there's no other qualifiers,

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there's no other filters,

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there's nothing else that we specified in this search.

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S… Speaker 1 (2026-04-13 08-52-50)

So just a really quick introduction to Splunk,

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how Splunk is architected,

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and an introduction to what the interface looks like and

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how we're going to be starting off with searches.

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S… Speaker 1 (2026-04-13 08-52-50)

Again, as we progress through this course,

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We'll be diving into a lot more detail on how to create queries

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using SPL,

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the Splunk processing language,

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and more details of what we can look for,

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how we can adjust the results to kind of pivot throughout the threat

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hunt.

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S… Speaker 1 (2026-04-13 08-52-50)

But we'll be getting into more details as we go through this course in separate

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videos.

2026-04-13 08-52-50

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