June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1)

0:01

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Hello.

0:01

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Okay, so today's video is

0:06

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

on the Gospel of Mark.

0:07

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

So we are going into the New Testament for the first time in

0:11

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

this class.

0:11

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

We unfortunately don't have weeks and weeks and weeks on this.

0:15

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

If we did, we would be spending more time in the New Testament,

0:17

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

but we are doing what we can.

0:20

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

And in order to...

0:22

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Um, understand the,

0:24

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

is it some Laban of Mark?

0:26

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Um,

0:27

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

just like any of the texts within the Hebrew Bible,

0:29

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

we need to look at sort of this,

0:32

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

this bigger historical context.

0:34

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

So I will go to the whiteboard as

0:38

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

we do and help us build this

0:42

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

world behind the New Testament,

0:45

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

broadly speaking,

0:47

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

and world behind the gospel of Mark more

0:51

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

specifically.

0:52

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

So I'll start 333.

0:56

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

I'm actually,

0:57

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

I'm going to just put markers

1:01

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

here and then I'll use the text.

1:04

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

I realize when I'm doing this for my laptop without

1:08

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

a mouse.

1:09

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

It's much harder to write in dates.

1:12

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

So I'm going to try it like this.

1:14

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

So let's start with 333.

1:20

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

So we are in a post -exilic period.

1:23

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Exile under the Babylonians lasted from

1:27

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

597 with that first wave to 538 when

1:31

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

the Persians took over.

1:33

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

And then after the Persians,

1:34

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

the Greek period begins where Alexander the Great defeats

1:39

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Persians.

1:40

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

So we're still in BCE 333.

1:43

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

And as noted in previous lessons,

1:46

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Alexander the Great had this goal

1:51

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

to kind of Greekify his...

1:53

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

The territories he occupied and he was very good at it.

1:57

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

And Jews in diaspora and in

2:01

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Israel started to take on Greek

2:05

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

thought, even when pushing against the grain of Greekness

2:09

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

and wanting to hold fast to Jewishness,

2:12

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

they were still assimilating.

2:14

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

So, for example,

2:15

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

and I don't think I mentioned this in the Second Maccabees video,

2:18

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

but.

2:21

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

As much as 2 Maccabees is pushing against

2:25

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Greek occupation,

2:26

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

it's still showcasing its very assimilation by

2:31

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

being written in Greek,

2:32

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

right?

2:33

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

So you have the kind of both and always,

2:35

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

even in texts that are pushing against the grain of imperialism,

2:38

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

show signs of taking on aspects

2:43

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

of imperialism.

2:44

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

And we'll certainly talk a lot about that with regards to the book of Revelation in

2:49

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

the next lesson.

2:50

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

But for now,

2:52

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

just know 333 Greek period.

2:54

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

After that,

2:57

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

oh dear,

2:59

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

only this were easier.

3:02

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Here we go.

3:03

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

We have 165.

3:05

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

This is Maccabean revolt period where a

3:09

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

small Jewish army overthrows Antiochus

3:13

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

IV.

3:13

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

And this is where we read the Maccabean text.

3:18

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

We are getting into now our final imperial

3:24

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

system,

3:26

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

so to speak,

3:28

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

in this class.

3:29

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

So in 63 BCE,

3:33

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

the Romans take over.

3:36

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

So it went from,

3:39

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

you know, Assyrians,

3:40

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Babylonians,

3:42

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Persians,

3:44

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Greeks to Romans.

3:48

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

We have our ancient Israel and we have a focused

3:52

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

rebuilding in Judah with the second temple being dedicated

3:57

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

to the God of Israel in 515 BCE.

3:59

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

And with the Maccabean revolt,

4:03

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

we have Jewish autonomy,

4:06

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

as I noted,

4:08

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

with the Hasmoneans.

4:12

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

declare not only sort of running the

4:16

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Maccabre revolt,

4:17

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

but declaring themselves the rightful rulers of Jerusalem.

4:20

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

So we have autonomy,

4:23

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Jewish autonomy in the temple center and in Jerusalem and in Judah

4:27

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

and Israel in a way we hadn't seen since the Davidic monarchy.

4:32

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

And now the Romans are coming in and what they do is

4:36

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

slightly different,

4:38

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

at least at this time period,

4:39

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

from previous imperial systems.

4:41

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

So rather than come in and decimate

4:46

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

everything and force Jews

4:50

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

into exile,

4:52

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

for example,

4:52

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

or into diaspora,

4:53

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

the Romans come in and they just sort of set themselves up

4:58

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

as overlords.

5:00

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

They are completely in charge,

5:01

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

but they still let Jews operate Jewishly.

5:06

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

They're not saying that Jews can no longer be Jewish.

5:08

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

They say, OK, you can do your Jewishness.

5:12

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

You could be Jewish.

5:12

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

You could practice Jewishness,

5:14

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

but just don't step out of line.

5:17

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

So with that,

5:19

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

the Hasmonean dynasty came to an end.

5:21

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

However,

5:22

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

a lot of people who were already in power in the temple

5:26

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

center and in Jerusalem come 63 BCE through

5:30

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

the Hasmonean reign were allowed to stay in power under

5:35

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Roman rule.

5:36

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

So you had kind of two levels of power.

5:39

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

You had Romans writ large.

5:41

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

And then you had underneath Romans,

5:44

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Jews maintaining the temple.

5:47

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

And the Romans always had sort of final,

5:50

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

you know,

5:52

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

say over what happened.

5:55

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

But,

5:56

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

you know, a lot of those who were in power within the temple through the Hasnian

6:01

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

dynasty got to maintain some level of something within,

6:05

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

at the very least,

6:06

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

the temple center.

6:07

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

So Romans are in power overall,

6:10

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

right?

6:10

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Jews still have pseudo autonomy,

6:12

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

I would say,

6:13

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

kind of,

6:14

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

but they're very much operating under

6:18

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

the constant supervision and surveillance

6:23

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

and oppression of the Roman Empire.

6:28

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

And something to very much remember for going into this time

6:32

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

period are the effects of the Maccabean revolt led by the Hasmoneans.

6:37

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Remember, the Hasmoneans said that they had the right to have political authority

6:41

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

in the temple and in Jerusalem.

6:42

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

And with that came the kernels of what scholars call

6:47

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

ancient Jewish sectarianism,

6:49

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

where you have different Jewish groups arguing with each other about

6:53

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

how best to be Jewish,

6:54

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

arguing about

6:58

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

God, temple,

6:59

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

and Torah.

7:00

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

So I'll put it under here.

7:04

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

There were lots of different Jewish schools

7:09

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

of thought, aka sects,

7:11

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

and some of them pop up within the New Testament,

7:15

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

and some of them you may have heard of before.

7:18

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

So for example,

7:20

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

One Jewish sectarian group are known as the Pharisees.

7:23

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Overall,

7:25

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

we honestly know quite little about these groups.

7:29

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

We know much less than we wish we did.

7:32

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

But some of the things we do know are that Pharisees were a

7:36

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

group that believed in bodily resurrection.

7:37

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

We talked about resurrection last class and

7:42

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

believed in the authority of oral Torah.

7:45

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

So in addition to that,

7:46

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

which was written and considered sacred through writing,

7:49

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Pharisees valued traditions and

7:54

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

cultural customs that were passed down through word

7:59

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

of mouth and not necessarily

8:03

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

written down.

8:03

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Another group are the Sadducees.

8:07

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

I think I'm misspelling this.

8:09

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

No,

8:11

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

that doesn't look right either.

8:12

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

I think that was right.

8:16

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Let me just,

8:17

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

yes,

8:19

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

that was right.

8:20

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Okay.

8:20

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

We're the Sadducees.

8:23

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Sadducees.

8:26

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Both Pharisees and Sadducees had a level of power and

8:30

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

authority within the Jewish world.

8:32

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

There were some Pharisees who had some

8:37

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

kind of authority within the temple center.

8:38

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

There were definitely Sadducees who also had some power and authority

8:42

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

in the temple center.

8:45

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

They did not believe in bodily

8:50

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

resurrection.

8:52

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

And they did not believe in the validity of

8:56

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

oral Torah.

8:57

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

It was not equal to them,

9:01

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

to that which was written.

9:03

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Okay,

9:04

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

so we have Pharisees as one group.

9:06

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

This

9:10

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

is not going as I had hoped.

9:13

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Here,

9:13

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

let's try this.

9:14

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

I'm trying to just move the whole text box.

9:17

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

I'm sorry, this must be so annoying to watch.

9:21

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Okay.

9:24

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

That's good enough for now.

9:25

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

So we've got Pharisees,

9:26

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

one group,

9:27

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

and Sadducees,

9:33

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

another.

9:33

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Essenes

9:38

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

are another group.

9:39

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

They are often thought of as those who

9:43

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

cared very much about God,

9:47

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Temple, and Torah,

9:48

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

but were so fed up with the political turmoil,

9:51

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

the intra -Jewish.

9:54

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

uh debates you could say the the harsh debates between jewish

9:58

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

sects and especially what was going

10:00

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

going on in the temple center,

10:00

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

that they kind of retreated.

10:02

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

It's not that they lived a more aesthetic

10:07

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

life,

10:08

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

a simpler life,

10:10

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

and kind of wanted to retreat from the busyness and political

10:14

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

distress of the

10:19

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

day. Another group,

10:23

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

the Zealots,

10:25

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

And you can gather kind of their affect

10:29

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

through the name.

10:30

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

They were remarkably zealous for the

10:34

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

cause.

10:35

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

And one of their primary causes...

10:38

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

was to push back against

10:42

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

oppression.

10:43

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

So zealots were known to want to raise up arms even to

10:47

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

regain some kind of autonomy that

10:52

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

they approved of.

10:53

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

So in the Roman period,

10:55

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

very much wanting to raise up arms over and against Rome.

10:59

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

This is the world that Jesus of

11:03

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Nazareth was born into.

11:05

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

So he was born into a post -exilic world,

11:09

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

born into a post -Hasmonian world,

11:12

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

but where the effects of the Hasmonean dynasty were still very much present,

11:16

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

born into a world of complex difference

11:22

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

and debate within Jewishness.

11:24

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Jews very much arguing about how best to follow God,

11:28

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

temple, and Torah.

11:29

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

And he's also born into a Roman imperial system.

11:35

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

One last date to put on before we get to Jesus is 37

11:39

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

BCE.

11:40

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

37 BCE is when the

11:46

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Romans set up Herod,

11:50

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

a man named Herod as king of

11:54

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Israel,

11:56

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

ruler of Israel.

12:00

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

This just means the Romans are choosing,

12:03

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

you know,

12:04

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

major political leaders to operate and kind of

12:08

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

set up shop,

12:10

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

so to speak,

12:11

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

within Israel.

12:12

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

And there's Roman legions all around.

12:15

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

So even though Jews are allowed to stay Jewish

12:19

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

and,

12:20

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

you know, keep the temple,

12:21

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

they are reminded at every turn that Rome is in

12:25

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

charge.

12:26

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

So Jesus is born in 4 BCE.

12:32

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

This happens to be the same year thereabouts that Herod dies.

12:37

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

And Herod breaks up different territories

12:42

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

of Israel to give to a son.

12:43

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

So his sons have three.

12:45

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

He has three sons that kind of take over different parts of ancient

12:49

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Israel.

12:50

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

So for our purposes,

12:51

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

just know Jesus is born 4 BCE.

12:55

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Post -Herod the Great,

12:56

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

but very much the effects of Herod are still present.

13:00

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Post -Hasmonian dynasty,

13:02

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

the effects of the Hasmonean dynasty are still present.

13:05

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

And there are specific

13:09

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Jewish theologies circulating within

13:14

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

this ancient Jewish sectarian,

13:16

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

I don't know,

13:19

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

state,

13:22

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

you can say.

13:26

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

One is this hope for a Messiah.

13:29

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

There was,

13:33

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

we can say messianic expectations,

13:36

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

this hope that a Moshiach or king

13:40

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

would come to overthrow the powers that be.

13:44

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

and establish a new kingdom in which the God of Israel would be seen as

13:48

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

the God of all people.

13:49

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

So Messiah just means king or anointed one.

13:53

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

And the Greek for Messiah is

13:57

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Christos.

13:59

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

So the Hebrew is

14:04

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Mosheach.

14:06

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

And Greek...

14:12

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

is Christos,

14:13

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

which gets translated to Christ.

14:14

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

So Jesus is born into a Jewish world in which

14:19

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Jews were hoping for a Mosheach,

14:21

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

a .k .a.

14:23

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

a Christos.

14:24

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Everything in the New Testament is written in

14:28

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Greek.

14:28

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

So when you see...

14:30

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

people refer to Jesus as a Messiah,

14:33

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

you are seeing writers tap into this messianic

14:37

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

expectation using the Greek language.

14:40

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Christ is not a last name.

14:41

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

It is a title.

14:43

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Jesus,

14:45

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

the Christ,

14:46

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Jesus, the Messiah.

14:47

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

So to believe that someone was the Moshiach was to

14:51

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

believe that he would be the one to overthrow the powers that be

14:55

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

and usher in a new world order in which the God of Israel would be

14:59

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

seen as the

15:00

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

God of all people.

15:00

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

I say expectations because there were slight nuances about who

15:05

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

this person might be.

15:06

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Some people thought that the Moshiach would take up arms,

15:09

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

kind of like how the zealots operated.

15:11

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Some people thought that Moshiach would have a

15:15

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

right -hand man who would be a priest.

15:17

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Some people,

15:17

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

you know, thought it would kind of be like a dual job.

15:20

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Some people,

15:22

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

many people thought actually,

15:23

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

and certainly the writers of the New Testament,

15:25

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

thought that the Moshiach would be in the line of King David.

15:28

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

So kind of

15:29

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

be a reestablishing of Davidic

15:33

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

glory,

15:34

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

but more,

15:37

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

right?

15:37

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

So it wouldn't just be the Davidic monarchy being reestablished in some kind

15:41

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

of sense, but rather someone in David's line who would

15:46

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

usher in a whole new cosmic shift where,

15:50

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

again, everyone would see that the God of Israel is God.

15:54

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

So this hope would be like for someone who would come and kind of usher

15:59

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

in this national project,

16:01

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

this global Jewish project in which in

16:05

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

which the globe would really become.

16:08

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

In a way,

16:09

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

you could say a Jewish nation where sort of everyone finally got what

16:14

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Jews were saying.

16:15

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

It was a deep,

16:16

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

deep hope, a deep hope of a marginalized,

16:20

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

oppressed,

16:21

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

traumatized community to live in

16:25

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

a world in which they were no longer.

16:29

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

traumatized and oppressed over and over and over again.

16:32

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

They would finally be seen as the center and would be the center.

16:36

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

So it was this deep,

16:37

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

deep longing.

16:38

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

But it seems that some people really truly believed that this

16:42

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

would happen,

16:43

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

that a Moshiach would come and overthrow the powers that be to usher

16:47

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

in a new world order,

16:49

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

a Jewish world order,

16:51

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

in which everyone would see that the God of Israel is God.

16:55

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Jesus was born into a time in which Jews were hoping

16:59

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

and thinking about such a Moshiach.

17:05

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Another theology that was circulating,

17:08

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

and as we discussed with regards to 2 Maccabees,

17:11

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

is resurrection.

17:12

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Not everyone believed in resurrection.

17:15

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

See,

17:16

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

for example, Sadducees did not believe in bodily resurrection,

17:18

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

but others did.

17:20

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

And that was often connected to this messianic expectation

17:25

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

that in the new world order,

17:28

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

if you have already died but were righteous,

17:30

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

you would be resurrected and ushered into

17:34

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

that new world order.

17:36

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

So Jesus

17:40

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

born into a time of hoping for a Moshiach and of Jews thinking

17:44

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

about resurrection and some believing very much in

17:48

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

the possibility of bodily resurrection,

17:52

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

especially in that new world order.

17:55

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

And that new world order is often also given a name,

17:58

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

which is,

17:59

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

I'll put it over here,

18:00

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

the Messianic Age.

18:02

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

The age in which,

18:04

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

you know,

18:05

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

everything would be sort of centered on

18:10

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

and oriented toward a Jewish worldview.

18:13

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

And of course,

18:14

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

the nuances of what that Jewish worldview would look like changes depending upon the

18:18

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

text you're reading,

18:19

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

because different Jews had different opinions about what

18:23

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

that world would entail and look like and what righteousness entailed,

18:27

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

etc.

18:31

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

There are two more,

18:33

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

I guess,

18:36

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

concepts I want to put on this whiteboard before we add

18:41

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

more to our timeline and get specifically to Mark.

18:45

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

So these two concepts are called Son of Man

18:49

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

and Son of God.

18:51

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

So for us today,

18:53

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

when we see these titles,

18:56

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

son of man and son of God,

18:58

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

we might instinctively think,

18:59

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

okay,

19:00

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

well, son of man,

19:01

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

man,

19:02

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

human, son of a human,

19:03

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

and son of God,

19:04

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

divine.

19:05

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

But when we look at the ancient literature,

19:08

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

it seems to be reversed,

19:12

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

the opposite of how we think about it today.

19:14

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

I'll start with son of God.

19:17

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

So the title son of God or the description

19:22

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

of someone as a son of God comes up in

19:27

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

multiple instances throughout even the Hebrew Bible and into

19:31

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

the New Testament.

19:32

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

And it's often used for a human who is

19:36

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

thought of as having a closeness to the God of Israel.

19:39

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

So,

19:40

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

for example, King David.

19:42

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

is called the son of God.

19:43

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Kings in general are sometimes called a son of the God of

19:47

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Israel.

19:48

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Israel as a nation is called

19:52

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

a child of God.

19:55

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

And the people of Israel as a collective are called children of

19:59

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

God.

20:00

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

So oftentimes when we see son of God,

20:02

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

it's actually referring to a human being,

20:06

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

but used to highlight the specialness of that human or the specialness

20:11

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

of that collective.

20:11

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Son of man comes up in the book

20:15

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

of Daniel.

20:16

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Daniel is likely written around the

20:20

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

same time period as 2 Maccabees,

20:22

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

around the Maccabean.

20:25

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

or slightly post -Maccabean revolts.

20:28

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

And it's a pushback against Antiochus

20:33

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

IV, just as Second Maccabees is a pushback against Antiochus IV.

20:37

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

I should add,

20:38

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Daniel seems to have different stages of writing,

20:42

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

but kind of edited and collected as a whole and targeted in

20:46

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

its final.

20:49

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

edition toward Antiochus IV.

20:52

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

And we didn't have time to read Daniel for this class,

20:55

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

but I'm raising it now to help us contextualize and make sense of this

21:01

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

title son of man or description son of man.

21:04

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

And Daniel as character in the book of Daniel

21:08

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

is a Jew living in diaspora who

21:15

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

has the gift of receiving visions

21:19

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

and reading visions and reading dreams.

21:22

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

And he has a vision.

21:24

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

He has multiple visions,

21:27

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

but one in chapter seven of the book.

21:31

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

And he's talking about a vision that he saw,

21:35

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

and I'll read it.

21:35

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

This is chapter 7,

21:36

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

and I'm at verse 13.

21:38

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

He says,

21:40

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

I'm watching these visions,

21:41

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

and as I'm doing so,

21:42

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

I saw one like,

21:44

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

and our translation says,

21:46

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

like a human being.

21:47

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

But the original is really one

21:54

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

like a son of man.

21:55

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Okay,

21:55

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

that's where the...

21:57

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

title comes from,

21:58

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Son of Man.

21:59

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

And he came to the Ancient One,

22:02

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

meaning God,

22:03

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

and was presented before him.

22:06

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

To him,

22:07

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

aka the Son of Man,

22:09

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

was given dominion and glory and kingship that all peoples,

22:12

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

nations, and languages should serve him.

22:15

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

His dominion is an everlasting dominion that shall not pass away,

22:19

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

and his kingship is one that shall never be destroyed.

22:23

S… Speaker 2 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Of course,

22:24

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

it's unclear what the author meant by these lines,

22:28

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

but what we do know at the very least is that later

22:32

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

readers of it,

22:33

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

readers in Jesus' time,

22:35

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

for example,

22:36

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

read it through the lens of a messianic expectation,

22:40

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

read that this figure is coming

22:44

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

in like the clouds of heaven,

22:45

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

serving at the right -hand side of God and being given dominion of a new world order.

22:50

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

That was read as...

22:53

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

talking about, alluding to some kind of Moshiach.

22:58

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

And so the idea of a Moshiach being connected to the Son of

23:02

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

Man became a thing by the time Jesus was

23:06

S… Speaker 1 (June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1))

living.

June 23 Lecture (Mark Video 1)

خلاصو

AI کان ان ترانسڪريپٽ بابت پڇو