Lecture 1 - How to Start a Startup (Sam Altman, Dustin Moskovitz)
Aug 02, 2026 05:25
· 43:51
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Uitsluitend tonen
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welcome um can they turn this on maybe
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welcome um can they turn this on maybe all right
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all right
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all right uh people here in the back can you guys
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uh people here in the back can you guys
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uh people here in the back can you guys hear me is the mic on
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hear me is the mic on
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hear me is the mic on no uh maybe you can ask them to turn it
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on maybe we can get a big ah there we go
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on maybe we can get a big ah there we go all right maybe we can get a bigger
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all right maybe we can get a bigger
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all right maybe we can get a bigger Auditorium we'll see so welcome to cs1
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Auditorium we'll see so welcome to cs1
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Auditorium we'll see so welcome to cs1 183b I'm Sam Alman I'm the president of
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183b I'm Sam Alman I'm the president of
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183b I'm Sam Alman I'm the president of Y combinator 9 years ago I was a
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Y combinator 9 years ago I was a
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Y combinator 9 years ago I was a Stanford student and then I dropped out
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Stanford student and then I dropped out
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Stanford student and then I dropped out to start a company uh and then I've been
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to start a company uh and then I've been
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to start a company uh and then I've been an investor for the last few so at YC um
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an investor for the last few so at YC um
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an investor for the last few so at YC um we've been teaching people how to start
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we've been teaching people how to start
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we've been teaching people how to start startups for 9 years most of it's very
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startups for 9 years most of it's very
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startups for 9 years most of it's very Hands-On and specific to the startups
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Hands-On and specific to the startups
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Hands-On and specific to the startups but 30% of it is pretty generally
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but 30% of it is pretty generally
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but 30% of it is pretty generally applicable and so we think that we can
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applicable and so we think that we can
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applicable and so we think that we can teach that 30% in this class and even
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teach that 30% in this class and even
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teach that 30% in this class and even though that's only 30% of the way there
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though that's only 30% of the way there
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though that's only 30% of the way there uh hopefully it'll still be really
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uh hopefully it'll still be really
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uh hopefully it'll still be really helpful we've taught a lot of this at YC
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helpful we've taught a lot of this at YC
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helpful we've taught a lot of this at YC already um but it's all been off the
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already um but it's all been off the
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already um but it's all been off the Record and this is the first time that a
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Record and this is the first time that a
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Record and this is the first time that a lot of what we teach in YC is going to
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lot of what we teach in YC is going to
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lot of what we teach in YC is going to be on the record so we've invited some
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be on the record so we've invited some
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be on the record so we've invited some of our best speakers to come and give
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of our best speakers to come and give
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of our best speakers to come and give the same talks they give at YC um we've
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the same talks they give at YC um we've
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the same talks they give at YC um we've now funded 720 companies and so we're
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now funded 720 companies and so we're
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now funded 720 companies and so we're pretty sure that a lot of this advice is
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pretty sure that a lot of this advice is
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pretty sure that a lot of this advice is pretty good we can't fund every startup
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pretty good we can't fund every startup
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pretty good we can't fund every startup yet but we can hopefully make this
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yet but we can hopefully make this
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yet but we can hopefully make this advice very generally
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advice very generally
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advice very generally available guest speakers are going to
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available guest speakers are going to
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available guest speakers are going to teach 17 of the 20 classes and only
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teach 17 of the 20 classes and only
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teach 17 of the 20 classes and only teaching three uh counting YC itself
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teaching three uh counting YC itself
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teaching three uh counting YC itself every guest speaker has been involved in
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every guest speaker has been involved in
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every guest speaker has been involved in the creation of a billion plus dollar
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the creation of a billion plus dollar
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the creation of a billion plus dollar company so the advice shouldn't be that
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company so the advice shouldn't be that
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company so the advice shouldn't be that theoretical um it's all been it's all
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theoretical um it's all been it's all
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theoretical um it's all been it's all from people who have done
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from people who have done
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from people who have done it all the advice in this class is
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it all the advice in this class is
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it all the advice in this class is geared towards people starting a
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geared towards people starting a
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geared towards people starting a business where the goal is hyper growth
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business where the goal is hyper growth
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business where the goal is hyper growth and eventually building a very large
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and eventually building a very large
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and eventually building a very large company much of it doesn't apply in
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company much of it doesn't apply in
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company much of it doesn't apply in other cases and I want to warn people
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other cases and I want to warn people
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other cases and I want to warn people upfront that if you try and do these
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upfront that if you try and do these
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upfront that if you try and do these things in a lot of big companies or
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things in a lot of big companies or
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things in a lot of big companies or non-st startups it won't work it should
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non-st startups it won't work it should
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non-st startups it won't work it should still be interesting I I really do think
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still be interesting I I really do think
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still be interesting I I really do think that startups are the way of the future
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that startups are the way of the future
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that startups are the way of the future and it's worth trying to understand them
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and it's worth trying to understand them
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and it's worth trying to understand them but startups are very different than
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but startups are very different than
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but startups are very different than normal
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normal
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normal companies so over the course of today
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companies so over the course of today
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companies so over the course of today Thursday I'm going to try to give an
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Thursday I'm going to try to give an
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Thursday I'm going to try to give an overview of the four areas that you need
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overview of the four areas that you need
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overview of the four areas that you need to excel at in order to maximize your
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to excel at in order to maximize your
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to excel at in order to maximize your chances of success a startup and then
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chances of success a startup and then
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chances of success a startup and then throughout the course the guest speakers
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throughout the course the guest speakers
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throughout the course the guest speakers are going to drill into all of these in
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are going to drill into all of these in
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are going to drill into all of these in more
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more
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more detail so the four areas you need a
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detail so the four areas you need a
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detail so the four areas you need a great idea a great product a great team
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great idea a great product a great team
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great idea a great product a great team and great
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and great
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and great execution these overlap somewhat but I'm
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execution these overlap somewhat but I'm
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execution these overlap somewhat but I'm going to have to talk about them
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going to have to talk about them
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going to have to talk about them somewhat individually to make it make
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somewhat individually to make it make
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somewhat individually to make it make sense you may still fail uh the outcome
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sense you may still fail uh the outcome
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sense you may still fail uh the outcome is something like idea times product
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is something like idea times product
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is something like idea times product time execution time team times luck
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time execution time team times luck
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time execution time team times luck where luck is a random number between 0
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where luck is a random number between 0
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where luck is a random number between 0 and 10,000 uh literally that much but if
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and 10,000 uh literally that much but if
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and 10,000 uh literally that much but if you do really well on the fours you can
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you do really well on the fours you can
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you do really well on the fours you can control you have a good chance at at
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control you have a good chance at at
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control you have a good chance at at least some amount of
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least some amount of
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least some amount of success one of the exciting things about
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success one of the exciting things about
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success one of the exciting things about startups is that they are surprisingly
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startups is that they are surprisingly
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startups is that they are surprisingly even playing field young and
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even playing field young and
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even playing field young and inexperience you can do this old and
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inexperience you can do this old and
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inexperience you can do this old and very experienced you can do this too and
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very experienced you can do this too and
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very experienced you can do this too and one of the things that I particularly
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one of the things that I particularly
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one of the things that I particularly like about startups is that some of the
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like about startups is that some of the
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like about startups is that some of the things that are bad in other work
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things that are bad in other work
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things that are bad in other work situations like being poor and unknown
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situations like being poor and unknown
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situations like being poor and unknown are actually huge assets when when it
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are actually huge assets when when it
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are actually huge assets when when it comes to starting a
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comes to starting a
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comes to starting a startup before we jump in on the how I
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startup before we jump in on the how I
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startup before we jump in on the how I want to talk about why you should start
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want to talk about why you should start
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want to talk about why you should start a startup I'm somewhat hesitant to be
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a startup I'm somewhat hesitant to be
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a startup I'm somewhat hesitant to be doing this class at all because you
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doing this class at all because you
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doing this class at all because you should never start a startup just for
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should never start a startup just for
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should never start a startup just for the sake of doing so there are much
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the sake of doing so there are much
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the sake of doing so there are much easier ways to get rich and everyone who
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easier ways to get rich and everyone who
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easier ways to get rich and everyone who starts a startup always says always that
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starts a startup always says always that
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starts a startup always says always that they couldn't have imagined how hard and
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they couldn't have imagined how hard and
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they couldn't have imagined how hard and painful it was going to be you should
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painful it was going to be you should
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painful it was going to be you should only start a startup if you comp feel
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only start a startup if you comp feel
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only start a startup if you comp feel compelled by a particular problem and
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compelled by a particular problem and
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compelled by a particular problem and that you think starting a company is the
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that you think starting a company is the
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that you think starting a company is the best way to solve it the specific
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best way to solve it the specific
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best way to solve it the specific passion should come first and the
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passion should come first and the
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passion should come first and the startup second
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startup second
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startup second in fact all of the big successes we have
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in fact all of the big successes we have
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in fact all of the big successes we have at YC followed this so for the second
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at YC followed this so for the second
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at YC followed this so for the second half of today's lecture Dustin movitz
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half of today's lecture Dustin movitz
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half of today's lecture Dustin movitz the co-founder of Facebook and Asana is
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the co-founder of Facebook and Asana is
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the co-founder of Facebook and Asana is going to take over and talk about why to
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going to take over and talk about why to
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going to take over and talk about why to start a startup we're so surprised by
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start a startup we're so surprised by
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start a startup we're so surprised by the amount of attention that this class
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the amount of attention that this class
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the amount of attention that this class got that we want to make sure we spend a
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got that we want to make sure we spend a
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got that we want to make sure we spend a lot of time on the
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lot of time on the
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lot of time on the why okay so the first of the four areas
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why okay so the first of the four areas
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why okay so the first of the four areas a great
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a great
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a great idea it's become popular in recent years
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idea it's become popular in recent years
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idea it's become popular in recent years to say that the idea doesn't matter in
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to say that the idea doesn't matter in
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to say that the idea doesn't matter in fact it's almost uncool to spend a lot
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fact it's almost uncool to spend a lot
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fact it's almost uncool to spend a lot of time thinking about the idea for a
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of time thinking about the idea for a
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of time thinking about the idea for a startup you're just supposed to start
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startup you're just supposed to start
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startup you're just supposed to start throw stuff at the wall see what sticks
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throw stuff at the wall see what sticks
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throw stuff at the wall see what sticks and not even spend any time thinking
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and not even spend any time thinking
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and not even spend any time thinking about if it'll be valuable if it works
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about if it'll be valuable if it works
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about if it'll be valuable if it works and pivots are supposed to be great the
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and pivots are supposed to be great the
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and pivots are supposed to be great the more pivots the better um so this isn't
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more pivots the better um so this isn't
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more pivots the better um so this isn't totally wrong things do evolve in ways
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totally wrong things do evolve in ways
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totally wrong things do evolve in ways that are difficult to predict and
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that are difficult to predict and
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that are difficult to predict and there's a limit to how much you can
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there's a limit to how much you can
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there's a limit to how much you can figure out without actually getting a
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figure out without actually getting a
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figure out without actually getting a product in the hands of users um and
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product in the hands of users um and
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product in the hands of users um and great execution is at least 10 times
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great execution is at least 10 times
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great execution is at least 10 times more important and 100 times harder than
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more important and 100 times harder than
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more important and 100 times harder than a good idea but the pendulum has swung
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a good idea but the pendulum has swung
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a good idea but the pendulum has swung way out of whack here a bad idea is
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way out of whack here a bad idea is
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way out of whack here a bad idea is still bad uh and the pivot happy world
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still bad uh and the pivot happy world
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still bad uh and the pivot happy world that we're in today feels really
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that we're in today feels really
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that we're in today feels really suboptimal great execution towards a
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suboptimal great execution towards a
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suboptimal great execution towards a terrible idea will get you nowhere there
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terrible idea will get you nowhere there
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terrible idea will get you nowhere there are exceptions of course but most great
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are exceptions of course but most great
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are exceptions of course but most great companies start with a great idea not a
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companies start with a great idea not a
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companies start with a great idea not a pivot if you look at successful pivots
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pivot if you look at successful pivots
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pivot if you look at successful pivots they almost always are EP pivoted into
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they almost always are EP pivoted into
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they almost always are EP pivoted into something the founders themselves wanted
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something the founders themselves wanted
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something the founders themselves wanted not a random madeup idea Airbnb happened
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not a random madeup idea Airbnb happened
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not a random madeup idea Airbnb happened because Brian chesky couldn't pay his
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because Brian chesky couldn't pay his
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because Brian chesky couldn't pay his rent but he did have some extra space in
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rent but he did have some extra space in
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rent but he did have some extra space in general though if you look at the track
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general though if you look at the track
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general though if you look at the track recet of pivots they don't become big
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recet of pivots they don't become big
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recet of pivots they don't become big companies I myself used to believe ideas
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companies I myself used to believe ideas
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companies I myself used to believe ideas didn't matter that much um but I'm very
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didn't matter that much um but I'm very
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didn't matter that much um but I'm very sure that's wrong
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sure that's wrong
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sure that's wrong now the definition of the idea as we
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now the definition of the idea as we
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now the definition of the idea as we talk about it is very broad it includes
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talk about it is very broad it includes
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talk about it is very broad it includes the size and the growth of the market
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the size and the growth of the market
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the size and the growth of the market the growth strategy for the company the
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the growth strategy for the company the
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the growth strategy for the company the defensibility strategy and so on when
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defensibility strategy and so on when
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defensibility strategy and so on when you're evaluate an idea you need to
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you're evaluate an idea you need to
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you're evaluate an idea you need to think through all these things not just
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think through all these things not just
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think through all these things not just the
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the
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the product if it works out you're going to
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product if it works out you're going to
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product if it works out you're going to be working on this for 10 years so it's
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be working on this for 10 years so it's
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be working on this for 10 years so it's worth some real upfront time to think
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worth some real upfront time to think
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worth some real upfront time to think through the long-term value and the
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through the long-term value and the
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through the long-term value and the defensibility of the business even
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defensibility of the business even
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defensibility of the business even though plans themselves are worthless
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though plans themselves are worthless
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though plans themselves are worthless the exercise of planning is really
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the exercise of planning is really
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the exercise of planning is really valuable and totally missing in most
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valuable and totally missing in most
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valuable and totally missing in most startups today long-term thinking is so
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startups today long-term thinking is so
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startups today long-term thinking is so weere anywhere but especially in
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weere anywhere but especially in
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weere anywhere but especially in startups that it's a huge Advantage if
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startups that it's a huge Advantage if
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startups that it's a huge Advantage if you do
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you do
5:45
you do it remember that the idea will expand
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it remember that the idea will expand
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it remember that the idea will expand and become more ambitious as you go you
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and become more ambitious as you go you
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and become more ambitious as you go you certainly don't need to have everything
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certainly don't need to have everything
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certainly don't need to have everything figured out in a path from here to World
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figured out in a path from here to World
5:53
figured out in a path from here to World Domination but you really want a nice
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Domination but you really want a nice
5:55
Domination but you really want a nice kernel to start
5:56
kernel to start
5:56
kernel to start with you want something that can develop
5:58
with you want something that can develop
5:58
with you want something that can develop in interesting ways
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in interesting ways
6:00
in interesting ways as you're thinking through ideas another
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as you're thinking through ideas another
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as you're thinking through ideas another thing that we see young Founders get
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thing that we see young Founders get
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thing that we see young Founders get wrong all the time is that someday you
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wrong all the time is that someday you
6:06
wrong all the time is that someday you need to build a business that's
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need to build a business that's
6:07
need to build a business that's difficult to replicate this is an
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difficult to replicate this is an
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difficult to replicate this is an important part of a good
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idea I want to make this point again
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idea I want to make this point again because it's so important the idea
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because it's so important the idea
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because it's so important the idea should come first and the startup should
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should come first and the startup should
6:18
should come first and the startup should come second wait to start a startup
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come second wait to start a startup
6:20
come second wait to start a startup until you come up with an idea you feel
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until you come up with an idea you feel
6:22
until you come up with an idea you feel compelled to explore this is also the
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compelled to explore this is also the
6:24
compelled to explore this is also the way to choose between multiple ideas if
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way to choose between multiple ideas if
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way to choose between multiple ideas if you have several ideas that all seem
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you have several ideas that all seem
6:28
you have several ideas that all seem pretty good work on the one that you
6:30
pretty good work on the one that you
6:30
pretty good work on the one that you think about most often when you're not
6:31
think about most often when you're not
6:31
think about most often when you're not trying to think about work but we hear
6:34
trying to think about work but we hear
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trying to think about work but we hear again and again from Founders that they
6:35
again and again from Founders that they
6:35
again and again from Founders that they wish they had waited start a startup
6:37
wish they had waited start a startup
6:37
wish they had waited start a startup until they came up with an idea that
6:38
until they came up with an idea that
6:38
until they came up with an idea that they really
6:40
they really
6:40
they really loved another way of looking at this is
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loved another way of looking at this is
6:42
loved another way of looking at this is that the best companies are almost
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that the best companies are almost
6:43
that the best companies are almost always Mission oriented it's difficult
6:45
always Mission oriented it's difficult
6:45
always Mission oriented it's difficult to get large groups of people to the
6:47
to get large groups of people to the
6:47
to get large groups of people to the extreme levels of focus and productivity
6:49
extreme levels of focus and productivity
6:49
extreme levels of focus and productivity that you need for a startup to be
6:51
that you need for a startup to be
6:51
that you need for a startup to be successful unless the company feels like
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successful unless the company feels like
6:53
successful unless the company feels like an important Mission and it's usually
6:55
an important Mission and it's usually
6:55
an important Mission and it's usually really hard to get that without a great
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really hard to get that without a great
6:57
really hard to get that without a great founding idea
7:01
a related advantage of mission oriented
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a related advantage of mission oriented ideas is that you yourself will be
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ideas is that you yourself will be
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ideas is that you yourself will be dedicated to them it takes years and
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dedicated to them it takes years and
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dedicated to them it takes years and years usually a decade to create a great
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years usually a decade to create a great
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years usually a decade to create a great startup if you don't love and believe in
7:11
startup if you don't love and believe in
7:11
startup if you don't love and believe in what you're building you'll likely to
7:12
what you're building you'll likely to
7:13
what you're building you'll likely to give up at some point along the way
7:15
give up at some point along the way
7:15
give up at some point along the way there's no way I know of to get through
7:16
there's no way I know of to get through
7:16
there's no way I know of to get through the pain of a startup without belief
7:18
the pain of a startup without belief
7:18
the pain of a startup without belief that the mission really matters a lot of
7:20
that the mission really matters a lot of
7:20
that the mission really matters a lot of Founders especially students believe
7:22
Founders especially students believe
7:22
Founders especially students believe that their startups only going to take 2
7:23
that their startups only going to take 2
7:23
that their startups only going to take 2 or 3 years and then after that they'll
7:25
or 3 years and then after that they'll
7:25
or 3 years and then after that they'll work on what they're really passionate
7:26
work on what they're really passionate
7:26
work on what they're really passionate about that almost never works good
7:28
about that almost never works good
7:28
about that almost never works good startups usually take 10 years
7:31
startups usually take 10 years
7:31
startups usually take 10 years a third advantage of mission oriented
7:32
a third advantage of mission oriented
7:32
a third advantage of mission oriented companies is that people outside the
7:34
companies is that people outside the
7:34
companies is that people outside the company are more willing to help you
7:36
company are more willing to help you
7:36
company are more willing to help you you'll get more support on a hard
7:38
you'll get more support on a hard
7:38
you'll get more support on a hard important project than a derivative one
7:40
important project than a derivative one
7:40
important project than a derivative one when it comes to starting startups in
7:42
when it comes to starting startups in
7:42
when it comes to starting startups in many ways it's easier to start a hard
7:44
many ways it's easier to start a hard
7:44
many ways it's easier to start a hard startup than an easy startup this is one
7:46
startup than an easy startup this is one
7:46
startup than an easy startup this is one of those counterintuitive things it
7:47
of those counterintuitive things it
7:47
of those counterintuitive things it takes people a long time to
7:50
takes people a long time to
7:50
takes people a long time to understand it's difficult to overstate
7:52
understand it's difficult to overstate
7:52
understand it's difficult to overstate how important being Mission driven is so
7:54
how important being Mission driven is so
7:54
how important being Mission driven is so I want to emphasize it one last time
7:56
I want to emphasize it one last time
7:56
I want to emphasize it one last time derivative companies companies that copy
7:58
derivative companies companies that copy
7:58
derivative companies companies that copy an existing idea with very few new
8:00
an existing idea with very few new
8:00
an existing idea with very few new insights don't excite people and they
8:02
insights don't excite people and they
8:02
insights don't excite people and they don't compel the teams to work hard
8:03
don't compel the teams to work hard
8:03
don't compel the teams to work hard enough to be
8:05
enough to be
8:05
enough to be successful Paul Graham is going to talk
8:07
successful Paul Graham is going to talk
8:07
successful Paul Graham is going to talk about how to get startup ideas next week
8:09
about how to get startup ideas next week
8:09
about how to get startup ideas next week it's something that a lot of Founders
8:10
it's something that a lot of Founders
8:10
it's something that a lot of Founders struggle with but it's something I
8:12
struggle with but it's something I
8:12
struggle with but it's something I believe you can get better with it
8:13
believe you can get better with it
8:13
believe you can get better with it better at with practice and it's
8:15
better at with practice and it's
8:15
better at with practice and it's definitely worth trying to get better
8:17
definitely worth trying to get better
8:17
definitely worth trying to get better at the hardest part about coming up with
8:19
at the hardest part about coming up with
8:19
at the hardest part about coming up with great ideas is that the best ideas often
8:21
great ideas is that the best ideas often
8:21
great ideas is that the best ideas often look terrible at the beginning the 13th
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